Synopses of Major Articles

<body topmargin=0 leftmargin=0 marginheight=0 marginwidth=0> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0><tr> <td valign="top" colspan=2 height=90 BGCOLOR="#006699" TEXT="#080000" background="044085a3.jpg"> <div> <FONT SIZE="5" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><B>Carmine Gorga</B></FONT><B>    </B><B> |     </B><A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Carmine Gorga"><U><B>home</B></U></A></div> <div> <B>Synopses of Major Articles</B>   |   <A HREF="id34.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Reprints"><U>Reprints</U></A></div> <div> </div> </td> </tr><tr> <td valign="top" width=210 BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#080000" background="045d2e83.jpg"> <div> <IMG SRC="05b6fa20.jpg" border=0 width="111" height="162" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="id33.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Synopses of Major Articles"><U><I>Synopses</I></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id34.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Reprints"><U><I>Reprints</I></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id35.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Reviews"><U><I>Reviews</I></U></A></div> </td> <td valign="top" height=390 BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#080000"> <div> <I>Synopses of Major Articles</I></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id34__the_revised_keynes__mode.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Reprints"><U><U>The Revised Keynes' Model (an Abstract)</U></U></A><U>,</U></FONT> <I>Atlantic Economic Journal,</I> Sept. 1982, 10 (3) 52.</div> <div> <B>This paper offers a new mathematical model of the economic system. In it Investment is defined as Income minus Saving. It leads the way to the further definition of Saving as Hoarding, whereby Investment is eventually defined as Income minus Hoarding.</B></div> <bR> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id34_the_productivity_standard.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Reprints"><U><U>The Productivity Standard: A True Golden Standard</U></U></A> </FONT>(with Norman G. Kurland),<I> </I>in<I> </I>Dawn M. Kurland (ed.), <I>Every Worker An Owner: A Revolutionary Free Enterprise Challenge to Marxism,</I> Washington, D.C.: Center for Economic and Social Justice, 1987, pp. 83-86. <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><B>The Paper Standard promises us flexibility; the Gold Standard stability. The Productivity Standard combines the stability of the Gold Standard with the flexibility of the Paper Standard. The Productivity Standard calls for access to national credit extended to all individual entrepreneurs, Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs), and cooperatives. National credit should be extended only for the creation of new real wealth - not to purchase consumer goods, nor to purchase financial instruments, or to hoard wealth. National credit should be extended at cost. It should be extended only on the basis of a reasonable expectation that the loan will be repaid. National credit is the last frontier. National credit is the power to create money.</B></FONT></div> <bR> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" >Bold New Directions in Politics and Economics,</FONT> <I>The Human Economy Newsletter</I>, March 1991, 12 (1) 3-6, 12. <B>Clearly the times call for bold new directions in politics and economics.  There is a crisis in our thought processes first and in our actions thereafter.  This paper contains the broad outline of a long-considered response to this long-standing crisis.  It is a three-pronged response:  In politics, we must go beyond both Individualism and Collectivism.  In economic policy, we must go beyond (a) prevailing practices of taxation on land and natural resources; (b) concentration of ownership of income and wealth; (c) top-down management of the money supply; and (d) certain forms of organization of industrial and financial assets.  In economic theory, we must go beyond the confines of Keynes' model of the economic system.</B></div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="id34_four_economic_rights.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Reprints"><U><U>Four Economic Rights:</U></U></A><A HREF="id34_four_economic_rights.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Reprints"><U><U> </U></U></A><A HREF="id34_four_economic_rights.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Reprints"><U><U>Social Renewal Through Economic Justice for Al</U></U></A><U>l,</U><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > <I>Social Justice Review, </I>January-February 1994, 85 (1-2) 3-6.</FONT></div> <div> <B>This paper makes a number of points. The central one is this. As there are four "factors" of production -- namely, land, labor, financial capital, and physical capital, -- so we must have four corresponding economic rights. Otherwise, instead of being at the center of the economic life, we are "marginalized."</B> </div> <bR> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><U>Fisheries Renewal: The Renewal of the Soul of Business</U><U>,</U></FONT> (with Stuart B. Weeks), <I>The Catholic Social Science Review</I>, Vol. II (1997) 145-161. </div> <div> <B>This discussion of fisheries renewal focuses on four issues: (1) The political realities, (2) natural resources, (3) financial resources, and (4) social organization, and makes recommendations in each of these areas. In the political context, the discussion calls for a mutual understanding of the demands that environmentalists and financiers impose on society and society imposes on environmentalists and financiers. In fisheries resources, it calls for a multi-species management approach. In financial resources, it calls for the use of the Discount Window of the Federal Reserve System and the implementation of Employee Sock Ownership Plans (ESOPs) and cooperatives. In organization, it calls for a new type of social organization, "functional integration." The discussion finds the presumed limits to growth as residing in the extent to which basic virtues such as courage, wisdom, and hope are exercised in fisheries development in particular and economic growth in general. </B></div> <bR> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id34_the_creators_of_poverty.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Reprints"><U><U>The Creators of Poverty</U></U></A><U>,</U></FONT> <I>Gloucester Daily Times, </I><B>Symposium</B>, December 18, 1998, p. A10 </div> <div> <B>This article stresses that we all assume that the creators of poverty are the rich, and that this assumption does incalculable damage to both the religious and the political discourse. Taking the lead from the Psalms, the article maintains that the creators of poverty are not the rich but the wicked. The article then points out some of the consequences of this liberating insight on the pulpit and the political stomp. </B></div> <div> <I>Journal of Markets and Morality</I> 2, no. 1 (Spring 1999), 88-101. </div> <div> <A HREF="http://www.acton.org/publications/mandm/mandm_article_125.php" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.acton.org/publications/mandm/"><U>Toward the Definition of Economic Rights</U></A>,<FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#800080" FACE="Arial" > </FONT><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><I>Journal of Markets and Morality</I> 2, no. 1 (Spring 1999), 88-101. </FONT></div> <div> <B>This paper distinguishes between economic rights, property rights, and entitlements -- and calls for the addition of a new plank to the age-old theory of economic justice: participative justice. Today, if we do not participate in the economic process, we are marginalized. To assure our participation in the economic process, we need to exercise a set of basic economic rights -- economic rights to which corresponds a set of economic responsibilities.</B> </div> <bR> <div> <FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id34_on_the_equivalence_of_matter_.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Reprints"><U>On the Equivalence of Matter to Energy and to Spirit</U></A>, </FONT><I>Transactions on Advanced Research</I>  <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="http://internetjournals.net/journals/tar/TAR2007july.pdf" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://internetjournals.net/journals/tar"><U><U>July 2007 | Volume 3 | Number 2 | ISSN 1820 - 4511</U></U></A><U>: 40-45.</U></FONT>  A basic assumption in logic is that the principle of equivalence formulates a relation among three terms. Yet, there is no recognized third term in physics that completes the established relation of equivalence between matter and energy. This paper suggests that the third term to which both matter and energy are equivalent can be posited to be spirit. Spirit is defined both as the link-as glue-that holds matter and energy together and as Spirit, a notion that is akin to the spirit of God, which is by definition everywhere. All three terms might eventually be measured by a calorimeter. If this application of the principle of equivalence is accepted, physics is transformed from a linear into a relational discipline. And then everything will change in the “two cultures”, namely in both the physical and the social sciences.</div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="id34_concordian_economics.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Reprints"><U>Concordian Economics: Tools to Return Relevance to Economics</U></A>, <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" >Forum for Social Economics</FONT><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > (</FONT><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12143-008-9017-6" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12143-008-901"><U>http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12143-008-9017-6</U></A></FONT><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >), May 2008. </FONT><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B>With the help of planes and solids, this paper presents an enlargement of the field of observation of economic theory. Through this transformation, the distribution of ownership rights to money and wealth assumes a central position in economic analysis. Thus social relevance is returned to economics. The validity of this operation is confirmed by the return of the millenarian field of economic justice to its traditional function as guidance to economic policy. The paper then presents four sets of economic rights and responsibilities that offer the potential of translating principles of economic justice into the complexities of the modern world. </FONT></div> <bR> <bR> <bR> </td> </tr></table></body>